NCERT Class8 Science Book Curiosity Chapter12 QA

Chapter 12 : How Nature Works in Harmony

Questions and Answers (1 Mark)

1. Question: What is an ecosystem?
   Answer: An ecosystem is a system formed by interaction between living organisms and their environment.

2. Question: Name one biotic component of an ecosystem.
   Answer: Plants are biotic components of an ecosystem.

3. Question: Name one abiotic component of an ecosystem.
   Answer: Air is an abiotic component of an ecosystem.

4. Question: What are producers?
   Answer: Producers are organisms that make their own food using sunlight.

5. Question: What are consumers?
   Answer: Consumers are organisms that depend on other organisms for food.

Questions and Answers (2 Marks)

6. Question: What is a food chain?
   Answer: A food chain shows the transfer of food and energy from one organism to another in an ecosystem.

7. Question: What is a food web?
   Answer: A food web is a network of interconnected food chains in an ecosystem.

8. Question: Why are decomposers important?
   Answer: Decomposers break down dead plants and animals into simpler substances and return nutrients to the soil.

9. Question: What happens if one component of an ecosystem is disturbed?
   Answer: If one component of an ecosystem is disturbed, the balance of the entire ecosystem is affected.

Questions and Answers (5 Marks)

10. Question: Explain the components of an ecosystem.
    Answer: An ecosystem has two main components biotic and abiotic. Biotic components include plants animals and microorganisms. Abiotic components include air water soil sunlight and temperature. Both components interact with each other to maintain balance in nature.

11. Question: Describe how nature maintains balance.
    Answer: Nature maintains balance through food chains food webs and natural cycles. Producers make food consumers depend on producers and decomposers recycle nutrients. If all organisms perform their roles properly the ecosystem remains balanced.

Fill in the Blanks (5 Marks)

12. Green plants are called producers.
13. Animals that eat plants are called herbivores.
14. Decomposers recycle nutrients back into the soil.
15. A food web is made of many food chains.
16. Abiotic components include air water and sunlight.

True or False (5 Marks)

17. All living organisms are biotic components.
    Answer: True.

18. Producers depend on consumers for food.
    Answer: False.

19. Decomposers help in cleaning the environment.
    Answer: True.

20. A food chain shows energy flow in an ecosystem.
    Answer: True.

21. Disturbing nature does not affect humans.
    Answer: False.