Definitions on Science Subject Physics
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Physics:
Physics is the branch of science that studies matter, energy, force, and motion.
Example: The study of how a ball moves when kicked comes under physics. -
Matter:
Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space.
Example: Air, water, and stone are forms of matter. -
Mass:
Mass is the amount of matter present in an object.
Example: A brick has more mass than a book. -
Volume:
Volume is the amount of space occupied by an object.
Example: A bottle occupies more volume than a cup. -
Density:
Density is the mass of an object per unit volume.
Example: Iron is denser than wood, so it sinks in water. -
Force:
Force is a push or pull that can change the shape or motion of an object.
Example: Pushing a door to open it is applying force. -
Motion:
Motion is the change in position of an object with time.
Example: A moving car is in motion. -
Rest:
An object is said to be at rest if it does not change its position with time.
Example: A book lying on a table is at rest. -
Speed:
Speed is the distance travelled by an object in a given time.
Example: A bicycle moving at 10 km/h has a certain speed. -
Velocity:
Velocity is the speed of an object in a given direction.
Example: A train moving north at 60 km/h has velocity. -
Distance:
Distance is the total path covered by an object.
Example: Walking around a park covers a distance. -
Displacement:
Displacement is the shortest distance between the initial and final position.
Example: Walking in a circle and coming back gives zero displacement. -
Acceleration:
Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity.
Example: A car speeding up shows acceleration. -
Gravity:
Gravity is the force by which the Earth attracts objects towards it.
Example: An apple falls from a tree due to gravity. -
Friction:
Friction is the force that opposes motion between two surfaces in contact.
Example: A ball stops rolling due to friction. -
Energy:
Energy is the ability to do work.
Example: Food gives us energy to work. -
Work:
Work is said to be done when a force moves an object.
Example: Lifting a box is doing work. -
Power:
Power is the rate at which work is done.
Example: A fast machine has more power. -
Kinetic Energy:
Kinetic energy is the energy possessed by a moving object.
Example: A running boy has kinetic energy. -
Potential Energy:
Potential energy is the energy stored in an object due to its position.
Example: Water stored in a dam has potential energy. -
Heat:
Heat is a form of energy that causes objects to become warm.
Example: Fire gives heat. -
Temperature:
Temperature is the measure of hotness or coldness of an object.
Example: Ice has a low temperature. -
Light:
Light is a form of energy that helps us see objects.
Example: Sunlight helps plants grow. -
Reflection:
Reflection is the bouncing back of light from a surface.
Example: We see our image in a mirror due to reflection. -
Refraction:
Refraction is the bending of light when it passes from one medium to another.
Example: A pencil appears bent in water due to refraction. -
Sound:
Sound is a form of energy produced by vibrations.
Example: The ringing of a bell produces sound. -
Vibration:
Vibration is the to-and-fro movement of an object.
Example: A plucked guitar string vibrates. -
Magnet:
A magnet is an object that attracts iron and some other materials.
Example: A bar magnet attracts iron nails. -
Magnetic Force:
Magnetic force is the force exerted by a magnet.
Example: A magnet pulls iron pins towards it. -
Electricity:
Electricity is a form of energy produced by the movement of electric charges.
Example: A bulb glows using electricity. -
Electric Current:
Electric current is the flow of electric charge in a circuit.
Example: Current flows when a switch is turned on. -
Circuit:
A circuit is a closed path through which electric current flows.
Example: A torch has a simple electric circuit. -
Conductor:
A conductor is a material that allows electricity to pass through it.
Example: Copper wire is a good conductor. -
Insulator:
An insulator is a material that does not allow electricity to pass through it.
Example: Rubber is an insulator. -
Pressure:
Pressure is the force acting per unit area.
Example: Sharp knives apply more pressure. -
Atmospheric Pressure:
Atmospheric pressure is the pressure exerted by air on the Earth.
Example: We can drink using a straw due to air pressure. -
Buoyancy:
Buoyancy is the upward force exerted by a fluid on an object.
Example: A boat floats due to buoyancy. -
Thrust:
Thrust is the force acting on an object perpendicular to its surface.
Example: Water pushes against the wall of a dam. -
Transparent Object:
Transparent objects allow light to pass through them completely.
Example: Clear glass is transparent. -
Opaque Object:
Opaque objects do not allow light to pass through them.
Example: A wall is opaque. -
Translucent Object:
Translucent objects allow partial light to pass through them.
Example: Butter paper is translucent. -
Shadow:
A shadow is a dark area formed when light is blocked by an object.
Example: A tree forms a shadow in sunlight. -
Simple Machine:
A simple machine is a device that makes work easier.
Example: A pulley is a simple machine. -
Lever:
A lever is a simple machine used to lift heavy loads.
Example: A seesaw works as a lever. -
Pulley:
A pulley is a wheel used to lift objects.
Example: A well uses a pulley to draw water. -
Inclined Plane:
An inclined plane is a sloping surface used to move objects up or down.
Example: A ramp is an inclined plane. -
Wheel and Axle:
A wheel and axle is a simple machine that helps move loads easily.
Example: A doorknob works as a wheel and axle. -
Renewable Energy:
Renewable energy is energy that can be used again and again.
Example: Solar energy is renewable. -
Non-renewable Energy:
Non-renewable energy is energy that cannot be replaced easily.
Example: Coal is non-renewable energy. -
Solar Energy:
Solar energy is energy obtained from the Sun.
Example: Solar panels produce electricity using solar energy.
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