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NCERT Class 7 Science - Chapter 1: Nutrition in Plants Introduction All living organisms require food for their survival. Plants are capable of making their own food, while animals depend on plants and other organisms for nutrition. This chapter explores the different modes of nutrition in plants and how they obtain essential nutrients. Modes of Nutrition in Plants Autotrophic Nutrition Plants prepare their own food through photosynthesis using sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water. Green plants that make their food are called autotrophs . Heterotrophic Nutrition Some plants depend on other organisms for food. Such plants are called heterotrophs . Photosynthesis: The Process of Food Making in Plants Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants make their own food using sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide. Raw Materials Required for Photosynthesis: Sunlight: Provides energy for the process. Chlorophyll: A green pigment in leaves that absorbs sunlight. Wa...

Class 9 Science - Chapter 1 Quiz Class 9 Science - Chapter 1: Matter in Our Surroundings Quiz 1. What is matter? A. Anything that has mass and occupies space B. Anything that can be seen C. Anything that moves 2. Which of the following is an example of sublimation? A. Melting of ice B. Evaporation of water C. Camphor disappearing without leaving a residue 3. What is the boiling point of water? A. 0°C B. 100°C C. 50°C 4. Which state of matter has the highest kinetic energy? A. Solid B. Liquid C. Gas 5. Which factor affects the rate of evapor...

NCERT Class 9 Science - Chapter 1: Matter in Our Surroundings Introduction Everything in our surroundings is made up of matter. Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space. This chapter discusses the physical nature, characteristics, and states of matter, along with concepts like diffusion, evaporation, and interconversion of states. Physical Nature of Matter Matter is Made of Particles Matter is composed of small particles that are continuously moving. The particles of matter are extremely small and cannot be seen with the naked eye. Characteristics of Particles of Matter Particles have spaces between them: This property allows substances like salt or sugar to dissolve in water. Particles are continuously moving: This movement is called the kinetic energy of the particles. Particles attract each other: The force of attraction varies in different types of matter. States of Matter Matter exists in three main states: Solid State Definite shape and vo...

Unseen Passage: A Good Student A good student is someone who is disciplined, hardworking, and eager to learn. They listen carefully in class, complete their homework on time, and respect their teachers. A good student is also kind to classmates and helps others when needed. They are curious and ask questions to understand better. Apart from studies, they also take part in sports and other activities. A good student always tries to improve and never gives up, even when faced with difficulties. Questions & Answers Based on the Passage: What are the qualities of a good student? A good student is disciplined, hardworking, eager to learn, respectful, kind, and helpful. How does a good student treat their classmates? A good student is kind to classmates and helps them when needed. Why does a good student ask questions? A good student asks questions to understand things better. What does a good student do apart from studying? A good student takes part in sports a...

20 difficult English words with Hindi meaning. Abundant – प्रचुर / बहुतायत में Bizarre – अजीबोगरीब Compassion – दया / सहानुभूति Diligent – परिश्रमी / मेहनती Enormous – विशाल Fragile – नाज़ुक / कमजोर Genuine – असली / सच्चा Hazardous – खतरनाक Illusion – भ्रम / मृगतृष्णा Jubilant – उल्लासित / बहुत खुश Knowledgeable – ज्ञानवान / ज्ञानी Luxurious – शानदार / विलासितापूर्ण Mysterious – रहस्यमय Nourishment – पोषण Obedient – आज्ञाकारी Perseverance – दृढ़ता / लगन Quarantine – संगरोध / एकांतवास Resilient – लचीला / मुश्किलों से उबरने वाला Spectacular – शानदार / अद्भुत Vibrant – जीवंत / चमकीला Here are simple sentences using the given words along with their Hindi translations: Abundant – Water is abundant in rivers. नदियों में पानी प्रचुर मात्रा में होता है। Bizarre – His outfit looks bizarre . उसका पहनावा अजीबोगरीब लगता है। Compassion – Show compassion to the poor. गरीबों के प्रति दया दिखाओ। Diligent – She is a diligent student. वह एक...

Proverbs with their Hindi meaning Bring up – किसी विषय को उठाना (e.g., He brought up an interesting topic in the meeting.) Call off – रद्द करना (e.g., They called off the match due to rain.) Carry on – जारी रखना (e.g., She carried on with her work despite the noise.) Come across – संयोग से मिलना (e.g., I came across an old friend at the mall.) Drop out – बीच में छोड़ देना (e.g., He dropped out of college last year.) Find out – पता लगाना (e.g., She found out the truth about the incident.) Give up – हार मान लेना (e.g., Never give up on your dreams.) Go on – जारी रहना (e.g., The show must go on.) Hold on – रुको (e.g., Hold on, I am coming.) Look after – देखभाल करना (e.g., She looks after her younger brother.) Look for – तलाश करना (e.g., I am looking for my lost keys.) Make up – बहाना बनाना / मेल-मिलाप करना (e.g., She made up a story to escape punishment.) Pass away – मृत्यु हो जाना (e.g., His grandfather passed away last night.) Put off – टालना (e.g., They put...

English phrasal verbs Bring up – किसी विषय को उठाना (e.g., He brought up an interesting topic in the meeting.) Call off – रद्द करना (e.g., They called off the match due to rain.) Carry on – जारी रखना (e.g., She carried on with her work despite the noise.) Come across – संयोग से मिलना (e.g., I came across an old friend at the mall.) Drop out – बीच में छोड़ देना (e.g., He dropped out of college last year.) Find out – पता लगाना (e.g., She found out the truth about the incident.) Give up – हार मान लेना (e.g., Never give up on your dreams.) Go on – जारी रहना (e.g., The show must go on.) Hold on – रुको (e.g., Hold on, I am coming.) Look after – देखभाल करना (e.g., She looks after her younger brother.) Look for – तलाश करना (e.g., I am looking for my lost keys.) Make up – बहाना बनाना / मेल-मिलाप करना (e.g., She made up a story to escape punishment.) Pass away – मृत्यु हो जाना (e.g., His grandfather passed away last night.) Put off – टालना (e.g., They put off the mee...

Uttarakhand Quiz Uttarakhand Quiz 1. What is the capital of Uttarakhand? A) Dehradun B) Haridwar C) Rishikesh 2. Which national park in Uttarakhand is famous for tigers? A) Rajaji National Park B) Jim Corbett National Park C) Valley of Flowers 3. Which is the holiest river originating from Uttarakhand? A) Ganga B) Yamuna C) Brahmaputra 4. Which famous pilgrimage site is known as the ‘Gateway to Gods’? A) Rishikesh B) Haridwar C) Kedarnath 5. What is the official ...

Himachal Pradesh Quiz Himachal Pradesh Quiz 1. What is the capital of Himachal Pradesh? Shimla Manali Dharamshala Kullu 2. Which river flows through Himachal Pradesh? Ganga Yamuna Beas Narmada 3. Which is the largest district of Himachal Pradesh by area? Kangra Kinnaur Lahaul and Spiti Mandi 4. What is the state animal of Himachal Pradesh? Snow Leopard Tiger Elephant Red Panda 5. Which famous temple is located in Himac...

Punjab Quiz Punjab Quiz 1. What is the capital of Punjab? Amritsar Chandigarh Ludhiana 2. Which river flows through Punjab? Ganga Beas Godavari 3. What is Punjab famously known as? Land of Five Rivers Land of Lakes Land of Mountains 4. What is the main language spoken in Punjab? Hindi Punjabi Bengali 5. What is the Golden Temple located? Jalandhar Patiala Amritsar 6. Which festival is widely celebrated in Punjab? Pongal ...

Kinds of Sentences 1. Assertive or Declarative Sentences (वर्णनात्मक या घोषणात्मक वाक्य) These sentences state facts, opinions, or information. They end with a full stop (.). Examples: The sun rises in the east. (सूरज पूर्व में उगता है।) She is a brilliant student. (वह एक प्रतिभाशाली छात्रा है।) They are going to the market. (वे बाजार जा रहे हैं।) Water boils at 100°C. (पानी 100°C पर उबलता है।) I love reading books. (मुझे किताबें पढ़ना पसंद है।) 2. Imperative Sentences (आदेशात्मक वाक्य) These sentences give commands, requests, advice, or suggestions. They usually end with a full stop (.) or sometimes with an exclamation mark (!). Examples: Close the door. (दरवाजा बंद करो।) Please help me with my homework. (कृपया मेरा होमवर्क करने में मेरी मदद करें।) Don’t talk in the classroom. (कक्षा में बात मत करो।) Always respect your elders. (हमेशा बड़ों का सम्मान करो।) Be careful while crossing the road! (सड़क पार करते समय सावधान रहें!) 3. Interrogative Sentences (प्रश्नव...

Sentence Types Quiz Sentence Types Quiz 1. Which type of sentence makes a statement? Declarative Interrogative Imperative Exclamatory 2. "Where are you going?" is an example of which type of sentence? Declarative Interrogative Imperative Exclamatory 3. "Wow! That was an amazing performance!" is an example of: Declarative Interrogative Imperative Exclamatory 4. "Please close the door." is an example of which sentence type? Declarative Interrogative Imperative Exclamatory 5. A compound sentence must have: One independent clause ...

Jammu & Kashmir Quiz Jammu & Kashmir Quiz 1. What is the summer capital of Jammu & Kashmir? Jammu Srinagar Leh 2. Which river flows through Jammu & Kashmir? Ganga Yamuna Jhelum 3. What is the famous lake in Srinagar? Dal Lake Vembanad Lake Chilika Lake 4. What is the main language spoken in Jammu & Kashmir? Hindi Kashmiri Bengali 5. What is the famous flower of Jammu & Kashmir? Lotus Tulip Rose 6. Which fruit is commonly grown in Ja...

English Grammar Test Paper (100 Marks) Section A: Tenses (10 marks) Q1. Fill in the blank with the correct form of the verb: He ______ (go) to school every day. A1. goes Q2. Complete the sentence using the future perfect tense: By this time tomorrow, she ______ (complete) her project. A2. will have completed Q3. Fill in the blank using past perfect tense: When I reached the station, the train ______ (already/leave). A3. had already left Q4. Use the past continuous tense: They ______ (watch) TV when I called them. A4. were watching Q5. Use the correct tense in the conditional sentence: If she ______ (study) hard, she will pass the exam. A5. studies Q6. Fill in the blank with present perfect tense: I ______ (not/see) him since last year. A6. have not seen Q7. Fill in the blank using simple present tense: The sun ______ (rise) in the east. A7. rises Q8. Use the past continuous tense: While he ______ (read), the lights went out. A8. was reading Q...

पाठ 1: सुपर Sense प्रश्न 1: सुपर सेंस क्या होता है? उत्तर: सुपर सेंस वह विशेष क्षमता होती है जिससे जानवर अपने आसपास की चीजों को सूंघकर, सुनकर या देखकर अधिक संवेदनशीलता के साथ समझ सकते हैं। प्रश्न 2: चींटियाँ एक-दूसरे को रास्ता कैसे दिखाती हैं? उत्तर: चींटियाँ फेरोमोन नामक गंध छोड़ती हैं, जिससे बाकी चींटियाँ सही रास्ता पहचान लेती हैं। प्रश्न 3: उल्लू रात में कैसे देख सकता है? उत्तर: उल्लू की आँखें बड़ी और प्रकाश-संवेदनशील होती हैं, जिससे वह कम रोशनी में भी देख सकता है। पाठ 2: क्या अलग-अलग जानवरों की सुनने की क्षमता अलग होती है? प्रश्न 1: कुछ जानवर बहुत हल्की आवाज़ भी कैसे सुन लेते हैं? उत्तर: कुछ जानवरों के कान बहुत संवेदनशील होते हैं, जिससे वे बहुत कम आवृत्ति या बहुत ऊँची आवृत्ति की ध्वनि को भी सुन सकते हैं। प्रश्न 2: हाथी अपने साथी को दूर से कैसे पहचानते हैं? उत्तर: हाथी इन्फ्रासाउंड (बहुत कम आवृत्ति वाली ध्वनि) का उपयोग करके दूर से ही एक-दूसरे से संवाद कर सकते हैं। प्रश्न 3: चमगादड़ अंधेरे में उड़ते समय रास्ता कैसे पहचानते हैं? उत्तर: चमगादड़ इकोलोकेशन तकनीक...